Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Original article
Austral J. Vet. Sci.
Vol 53, 153-160 (2021)
DOI: 10.4067/S0719-81322021000300153

Effects of Moringa oleifera and Brosimum alicastrum partial feed substitution in intramuscular fat and adipose tissues and on the expression of lipogenic genes of Mexican hairless pigs

Keywords: Brosimum alicastrum gene expression meat quality Mexican creole pig

Submitted: 2021-08-21

Accepted:

Published: 2021-09-23

*Corresponding author:
clemus@uan.edu.mx

How to Cite

Dzib Cauich, D. A., Sierra Vásquez, Ángel C. ., Lemus Flores, C., Bugarín Prado, J. O., Grageola Núñez, F., Segura Correa, J. C., & Moo Huchin, V. M. . (2021). Effects of Moringa oleifera and Brosimum alicastrum partial feed substitution in intramuscular fat and adipose tissues and on the expression of lipogenic genes of Mexican hairless pigs. Austral Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 53(3), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0719-81322021000300153

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

The present study evaluated the effects of the inclusion of ground Moringa oleifera and Brosimum alicastrum leaf meal in the diet of Mexican hairless pigs (MHP) on the amount of intramuscular fat, subcutaneous fat, leg muscle (Biceps femoris) fat, loin muscle (Longissimus dorsi) fat, leg and back fat, and the expression of lipid metabolism genes. Hairless pigs are reared in the Mexican tropics and are characterised by their body and intramuscular fat accumulation. Eighteen male pigs fed for 82 d were randomly allotted to three experimental isoenergetic and isoproteic diets, where M. oleifera or B. alicastrum (six pigs per diet) replaced wheat bran. The diets used were a control diet, a diet with 10% M. oleifera leaf meal, and a diet with 10% ground B. alicastrum leaf meal. The M. oleifera diet decreased (P<0.05) the fat ratio in the Longissimus dorsi muscles, back fat, rib fat, total carcass fat, and the carcass fat: meat ratio. The B. alicastrum diet only decreased fat in the Biceps femoris muscle, back fat, and rib fat. Moringa oleifera and B. alicastrum diets also promoted the overexpression of mRNA from the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), fatty acid synthase (FASN), acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACACA), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and acyl carrier protein (ACP) lipogenic genes in the Biceps femoris muscle and leg fat (P<0.001). In addition, lower ACACA and SREBP1 mRNA expression in the Longissimus dorsi muscle and back fat (P<0.001) were related to the lower amount of fat in pigs fed M. oleifera and B. alicastrum. The inclusion of Moringa oleifera and Brosimum alicastrum meals 10% in the diet of the pig MHP reduces fat, this is an important finding because fat is abundant in this type of pig.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Aboagye G, Zappaterra M, Pasini F, Dall’Olio S, Davoli R, et al. 2019. Fatty acid composition of the intramuscular fat in the longissimus thoracis muscle of Apulo-Calabrese and crossbreed pigs. Livest Sci 232, 103878.
  2. Adegbenro M, Agbede JO, Onibi GE, Aletor VA. 2016. Composite leaf meal: effects on haematology and biochemical indices of growing pigs. Arch Zootech 19, 65-76.
  3. Adisakwattana S, Chanathong B. 2011. α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and lipid-lowering mechanisms of Moringa oleifera leaf extract. Eur Rev Med Pharmaco Sci 15, 803-808.
  4. Albuquerque A, Neves JA, Redondeiro M, Laranjo M, Félix MR, et al. 2017. Long term betaine supplementation regulates genes involved in lipid and cholesterol metabolism of two muscles from an obese pig breed. Meat Sci 124, 25-33.
  5. AOAC, Association of Official Analysis Chemistry. 1997. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th ed. Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
  6. Benítez R, Núñez YA, Fernández B, Rodríguez C, Daza A, et al. 2016. Adipose tissue transcriptional response of lipid metabolism genes in growing Iberian pigs fed oleic acid v. carbohydrate enriched diets. Animal 10, 939-46.
  7. Benítez R, Fernández A, Isabel B, Núñez Y, De Mercado E, et al. 2018. Modulatory effects of breed, feeding status, and diet on adipogenic, lipogenic, and lipolytic gene expression in growing Iberian and Duroc pigs. Int J Mol Sci 19, 1-20.
  8. Castro-González A, Alayón-Gamboa JA, Ayala-Burgos A, Ramírez-Avilés L. 2008. Effects of Brosimum alicastrum and Lysiloma latisiliquum mixtures on voluntary intake, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in sheep fed tropical pastures. Anim Feed Sci Tech 141, 246-258.
  9. Chen J, Yang XJ, Xia D, Chen J, Wegner J, et al. 2008. Sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 expression and genetic polymorphism significantly affect intramuscular fat deposition in the longissimus muscle of Erhualian and Sutai pigs. J Anim Sci 86, 57-63.
  10. Duran-Montgé P, Realini CE, Barroeta AC, Lizardo R, Esteve-García E. 2008. Tissue fatty acid composition of pigs fed different fat sources. Animal 2, 1753-1762.
  11. Duran-Montgé P, Theil PK, Lauridsen C, Esteve-García E. 2009. Fat metabolism is regulated by altered gene expression of lipogenic enzymes and regulatory factors in liver and adipose tissue but not in semimembranosus muscle of pigs during the fattening period. Animal 3, 1580-1590.
  12. Dzib-Cauich D, Ortíz J, Sierra A, Sauri E, Palacios V. et al. 2016. Effect of Moringa oleifera meal inclusion on meat quality from the mexican hairless pig. ARPN J Agric Biol Sci 11, 131-141.
  13. Dzib-Cauich D, Lemus-Flores C, Bugarín-Prado JO, Ayala-Valdovinos MA, Moo-Huchin VM. 2020. Perfil de ácidos grasos en músculo Longissimus dorsi y expresión de genes asociados con metabolismo lipídico en cerdos pelón mexicanos y cerdos Landrace-Yorkshire. Livest Res Rural Develop 32, 115.
  14. Ezzat SM, El Bishbishy MH, Aborehab NM, Salama MM, Hasheesh A, et al. 2020. Upregulation of MC4R and PPAR-α expression mediates the anti-obesity activity of Moringa oleifera Lam. in high-fat diet induced obesity in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 251, 112541.
  15. Fernández M, Ordóñez JA, Cambero I, Pin CC, De la Hoz L. 2007. Fatty acid compositions of selected varieties of spanish dry ham related to their nutritional implications. Food Chem 101, 107-112.
  16. Fernández AI, Óvilo C, Barragán C, Rodríguez MC, Silió L, et al. 2017. Validating porcine SCD haplotype effects on fatty acid desaturation and fat deposition in different genetic backgrounds. Livest Sci 205, 98-105.
  17. Guillevic M, Maryline K, Jacques M. 2009. Effect of a linseed diet or a sunflower diet on performances, fatty acid composition, lipogenic enzyme activities and stearoyl-CoA-desaturase activity in the pig. Livest Sci 124, 288-294.
  18. Hernández AÁ, García MCA, García MAM, Ortiz OJR, Sierra VAC, et al. 2020. Sistema de producción del cerdo pelón mexicano en la Península de Yucatán. Nova Scientia 24, 1-21.
  19. Lemus-Flores C, Ulloa-Arvizu R, Ramos-Kuri M, Estrada FJ, Alonso RA. 2001. Genetic analysis of mexican hairless pig populations. J Anim Sci 79, 3021-3026.
  20. Lemus-Flores C, Alonso-Morales R, Toledo-Alvarado H, Sansor-Nah R, Burgos-Paz W, et al. 2020. Diversidad genética y estructura poblacional del cerdo negro lampiño de Yucatán usando chip SNP50. Abanico Vet 10, 1-12.
  21. Ly J, Samkol P, Phiny C, Bustamante D, Caro Y. 2016. Balance of nitrogen in pigs fed with Moringa oleifera foliage meal. Revista Bio Ciencias 3, 349-358.
  22. Mohan N, Harihara I, Babul C, Madan S, Anubrata D, et al. 2012. Effect of dietary sunflower oil and coconut oil on adipose tissue gene expression, fatty acid composition and serum lipid profile of grower pigs. Arch Anim Nutr 66, 271-282.
  23. Moo-Huchin VM, Canto-Pinto JC, Cuevas-Glory LF, Sauri-Duch E, Pérez-Pacheco E, et al. 2019. Effect of extraction solvent on the phenolic compounds content and antioxidant activity of Ramon nut (Brosimum alicastrum). Chem Pap 73, 1647-1657.
  24. Moyo B, Masika PJ, Hugo A, Muchenje A. 2011. Nutritional characterization of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) Afr J Biotechnol 10, 12925-12933.
  25. Mukumbo FE, Maphosa A, Nkukwana TTH, Mabusela TP, Muchenje V. 2014. Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal on finisher pig growth performance, meat quality, shelf life and fatty acid composition of pork. S Afr J Anim Sci 44, 388-400.
  26. Muñoz G, Alves E, Fernández A, Ovilo C, Barragán C, et al. 2007. QTL detection on porcine chromosome 12 for fatty-acid composition and association analyses of the fatty acid synthase, gastric inhibitory polypeptide and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase alpha genes. Anim Genet 38, 639-646.
  27. NRC, National Research Council. 1998. Nutrient Requirements of Swine. 10th ed. National Academy of Sciences Press, Washington, DC, USA.
  28. Ortiz J, Palacio V, Dzib D, Sierra A, Sanguinés R, et al. 2015. Efecto del consumo de Moringa oleífera sobre el crecimiento del cerdo pelón de Yucatán. AICA 6, 452-459.
  29. Pérez Y, García J. 2017. Efecto de la inclusión de 20% de harina de Morera (Morus alba) o Moringa (Moringa oleífera) en la dieta sobre los rasgos de comportamiento, calidad de la canal y la carne de cerdos cebados de 40 a 85 kg de peso. Livest Res Rural Develop 29, 46.
  30. Ramos-Canché ME, Magaña-Magaña MA, Aguilar-Urquizo E, Pech Zapata A, Piñeiro-Vázquez AT, et al. 2020. Óptimos económicos en la cría del cerdo pelón mexicano: propuesta de integración para cadena productiva. Ecosist Recur Agropec 7, e2302.
  31. Rojas-Schroeder JA, Sarmiento-Franco L, Sandoval-Castro CA, Santos Ricalde RH. 2017. Use of foliage from ramon (Brosimum Alicastrum Swarth) in animal feeding. Trop Subtrop Agroecosyst 20, 363-371.
  32. Santos RH, Wilberth L, Walter OH. 2011. Carcass yield and thoracic and abdominal viscera growth from 25 to 45 kg in creole hairless pigs. Rev Científica FCV-LUZ 21, 396-402.
  33. SPSS, IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. 2011. Version 20.0. Armonk, IBM Corp, NY, USA.
  34. Steibel JP, Poletto R, Coussens PM, Rosa GJM. 2009. A powerful and flexible linear mixed model framework for the analysis of relative quantification RT-PCR data. Genomics 94, 146-152.
  35. Teixeira EMB, Carvalho MRB, Neves VA, Silva MA, Arantes-Pereira L. 2014. Chemical characteristics and fractionation of proteins from Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves. Food Chem 147, 51-54.
  36. Thacker PA, Haq I. 2008. Nutrient digestibility, performance and carcass traits of growing-finishing pigs fed diets containing graded levels of dehydrated lucerne meal. J Sci Food Agric 88, 2019-2025.
  37. Wang H, Jin W, Dan-dan Y, Zong-li L, Yong-qing Z, et al. 2020. Expression of lipid metabolism genes provides new insights into intramuscular fat deposition in Laiwu pigs. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 3, 390-397.
  38. Wood JD, Enser M. 2017. Manipulating the fatty acid composition of meat to improve nutritional value and meat quality. In: Purslow PP (ed). New aspects of Meat quality. From genes to ethics. Woodhead Publishing Limited, Duxford, UK. Pp 501-535.
  39. Zhang T, Si B, Tu Y, Cui K, Zhou Ch, et al. 2019. Effect of including different levels of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf meal in the diet of finishing pigs: Performance, pork quality, fatty acid composition, and amino acid profile. Czech J Anim Sci 64, 141-149.
  40. Zhang X, Sun Z, Cai J, Wang G, Wang J, et al. 2020. Dietary supplementation with fermented Moringa oleifera leaves inhibits the lipogenesis in the liver of meat ducks. Anim Feed Sci Tech 260, 114336.

Make a Submission

Make a Submission

Journal Metrics (2023) & Ranking

Impact Factor
→
0.5 (2024)
5 years Impact Factor
→
0.8
JCR Quartile
→
Q4
JIF Rank
→
134/170 (Veterinary Sciences)
SJR (2024)
→
0.244
SNIP (2024)
→
0.35

 

 

SCImago Journal & Country Rank

Indexed in

Publisher


This journal is published by the Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile

Keywords