Abstract
A novel system using a 3-way stopcock and intravenous catheter enabled effective ventilatory monitoring and controlled anesthesia in nine birds (70–260 g) undergoing fracture repair. End-expired carbon dioxide was generally maintained near 40 mmHg without complications. This simple method provides a practical alternative for avian anesthesia in general veterinary settings.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
- Bille, C., Auvigne, V., Libermann, S., Bomassi, E., Durieux, P., & Rattez, E. (2012). Risk of anaesthetic mortality in dogs and cats: an observational cohort study of 3546 cases. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, 39, 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467 2995.2011.00686.x
- Crawford, A., Abelson, A., Gladden, J., & Rozanski, E. (2022). Retrospective evaluation of cardiopulmonary arrest and resuscitation in hospitalized birds: 41 cases (2006–2019). Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, 32, 491–499. http://doi.org/10.1111/vec.13191
- Dobbs, P., Moittié, S., & Liptovszky, M. (2021). Avian anaesthesia related mortality and the associated risk factors in a UK zoological collection. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, 48, 922–929. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaa.2021.04.012
- Hawkins, M. G., Zehnder, A. M., & Pascoe, P. J. (2014). Cagebirds. In G. West, D. Heard, & N. Caulkett, (Eds.), Zoo Animal and Wildlife Immobilization and Anesthesia (2nd ed., pp. 404–405, 421–423). John Wiley & Sons.
- Seamon, A. B., Hofmeister, E. H., & Divers, S. J. (2017). Outcome following inhalation anesthesia in birds at a veterinary referral hospital: 352 cases (2004–2014). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 251, 814–817. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.251.7.814
- Zehnder, A. M., Hawkins, M. G., & Pascoe, P. J. (2014). Avian Anatomy and Physiology. In G. West, D. Heard, & N. Caulkett, (Eds.), Zoo Animal and Wildlife Immobilization and Anesthesia (2nd ed., pp. 391–394). John Wiley & Sons.




